Microwave-assisted synthesis of pyrrolidinone derivatives using 1,1’-butylenebis(3-sulfo-3H-imidazol-1-ium) chloride in ethylene glycol
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2019
Abstract
The energy efficiency of the microwave-assisted synthesis of pyrrolidinones was demonstrated using catalytic loading of 1,1'-butylene-bis(3-sulfo-3H-imidazol-1-ium) chloride as a sulfonic acid functionalized ionic liquid in ethylene glycol as green solvent. The effect of electron donating and electron withdrawing groups on aniline derivatives was studied under conventional heating and microwave irradiation. Furthermore, the cation effect of ionic liquids containing sulfonic groups on the catalytic efficiency for the synthesis of ethyl-1-phenyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyr-role-3-carboxylate was investigated under conventional heat. The experimental results exhibited that there is a relationship between catalytic efficiency and the number of sulfonic groups and imidazolium moieties linked by carbon spacer. © 2019 N.G. Khaligh et al., published by De Gruyter.
Keywords
cation effect, electronic effect, microwave-assisted synthesis, pyrrolidinone, sulfonic-functionalized ionic liquid
Divisions
nanotechnology
Funders
NANOCAT RU-Geran (Project no. RU001-2018) for Scientific Research from the University of Malaya, Malaysia
Publication Title
Green Processing and Synthesis
Volume
8
Issue
1
Publisher
De Gruyter