Two level half factorial design for the extraction of phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidants recovery from palm kernel by-product
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2015
Abstract
Every year palm oil industry in Malaysia produces enormous quantity of by-products and has great potential to be reutilized as good source of antioxidants. In this study, a two level half factorial design was employed to recover phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidants from palm kernel by-product. The assay included the following independent factors: pH (2-6), ethanol concentration (20-80%), liquid to solid ratio (10-100. mL/g), temperature (30-80. °C) and time (30-300. min). Half factorial design was employed to determine the significant contribution of the above factors towards antioxidant capacity (total antioxidant activity, DPPH and FRAP), total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Among, all the factors examined, ethanol concentration and liquid to solid ratio are very significant (p<0.0001), in obtaining higher antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Thus, palm kernel by-product can be proposed to be used as natural antioxidant.
Keywords
Antioxidants, Extraction, Flavonoids, Half factorial design, Palm kernel by-product
Divisions
fac_med
Funders
Agricultural Technology Demonstration (Agricultural Products Processing Project Grant no. Nong Cai Fa [2014]24), Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (Grant no 201303073),Guangxi Scientific Research and Technological Development project (Grant no Gui Ke He 1347004-18)
Publication Title
Industrial Crops and Products
Volume
63
Publisher
Elsevier