Date of Award

2000

Thesis Type

PhD

Document Type

Thesis

Divisions

Faculty of Education

Institution

Universiti Malaya

Abstract

This study is a survey research which is designed to obtain research evidence concerning the attitude of school administrators and teachers towards Physical Education. This study also examines the implementation of Physical Education programme in secondary schools . Nine hypotheses were fonnulated and data were collected to test the hypotheses.

The data were collected from the administration of a number of instruments to a sample of 536 administrators (267 principals and 269 senior assistants) and l637 Physical Education teachers from 290 randomly sampled secondary schools in the Peninsular Malaysia. Four instruments were administered to the sample schools, the Wear Physical Education Attitude Inventory (WPEAl) (Fonn A) (Wear, 1955) and three questionnaires designed by the researcher. The WPEAl was for the principals, senior assistants and teachers teaching Physical Education. Three questionnaires on The Implementation Of The Physical Education Programme (lOPEP) were each specifically designed for principals, senior assistants and teachers teaching Physical Education. A number of statistical analyses were employed to analyse the data gathered in the research. These included descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, the Tukey-HSD test and factor analysis. Statistical comparisons of the scores were made using the Statistical Package for the Social Science for Windows (SPSS for Windows). To test the hypotheses, t-tests, the analysis of variance of one-way classification and the Tukey-HSD test were used. All the hypotheses were tested at the 0.05 level of confidence. For ANO VA, where F-tests were significant,

a post-hoc test using the Tukey-HSD test was employed. The findings are as follows: I. Administrators demonstrated favourable attitudes toward Physical Education: 2. Physical Education teachers showed positive attitudes toward Physical Education; 3. Physical Education majors and non-majors demonstrated favourable attitudes toward Physical Education with Physical Education majors showing a more favourable attitude; 4. ln tenns of the relationship of attitudes toward Physical Education and age, there were differences between the respondents below 30 year olds and 40-49 year olds, and between those below 30 year olds and above 50 year olds; 5. There was no significant difference in attitudes toward Physical Education between rural and urban schools; 6. There were significant differences between teachers with less than 5 years teaching experience and those with more than 5 years teaching experience on two domains that is physiological-physical and social; 7. There was no significant difference in the implementation of the Physical Education programme in rural and urban schools; 8. There was no significant difference in the implementation of Physical Education in Grade A and Grade B schools; 9. On teaching ability, Physical Education teachers face problems of not having adequate knowledge to teach Physical Education. They have problems in teaching game skills including detecting and correcting students' weaknesses; 10. On the administration of Physical Education programme, the majority of administrators did not organise in-house courses and did not observe teachers teaching;

11. Physical Education classes were given to a majority of teachers without considering their interest and qualifications; V 12. The majority of administrators agreed that financial allocation from the Ministry of Education is barely enough resulting in a shortage of Physical Education and sport equipment. The findings have significant implications for the teaching of Physical Education in Malaysia. In view of the evidence obtained from this study that a majority of Physical Education teachers are non-majors, it is recommended that further research into solving this human resource problem be undertaken. It is recommended that greater attention be given to in-house training and monitoring of the implementation of Physical Education programmes, Finally, it is felt that further research covering more schools and wider geographical areas is urgently required.

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Additional Information

Thesis (PhD) – Faculty of Education, Universiti Malaya, 2000

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