Effects of corrosion rate, mechanical properties, toxicity, and bone healing towards different surface modification of biodegradable metallic: A systematic review

Document Type

Review

Publication Date

3-1-2026

Abstract

Magnesium and its alloys are promising biodegradable implant materials for developing orthopaedic implants. However, the drawback of pure Mg and Mg alloys is their high degradation rate in a biological environment. Thus, several strategies are implemented to enhance corrosion resistance and biocompatibility and achieve a controlled degradation rate for these implants by using surface modification. This systematic review addressed the importance of corrosion rate, mechanical properties, toxicity, and bone healing of the biodegradable metallic implant coated with other materials. From the review, the study indicates that chemical and physical coatings are among the most extensively studied strategies for enhancing the performance of orthopaedic implants. For example, a composite coating made of polycaprolactone (PCL), and amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) particles has shown improved corrosion resistance when tested in simulated body fluid (SBF). Furthermore, bioactivity osteointegration could be enhanced by calcium phosphate (CaP) coating, such as brushite, β-tricalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite. Several studies have shown that a compact HA coating has excellent corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility, which are suitable for biodegradable metal orthopaedic implants. These findings highlight the various successful surface modification methods that could enhance the biodegradable metal implants.

Publication Title

Materials Today Sustainability

DOI

10.1016/j.mtsust.2026.101307

Volume

33

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