A 3D microfluidic elisa for the detection of severe dengue: sensitivity improvement and vroman effect amelioration by edc-nhs surface modification
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-1-2021
Abstract
Serum is commonly used as a specimen in immunoassays but the presence of heterophilic antibodies can potentially interfere with the test results. Previously, we have developed a microfluidic device called: 3D Stack for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). However, its evaluation was limited to detection from a single protein solution. Here, we investigated the sensitivity of the 3D Stack in detecting a severe dengue biomarker-soluble CD163 (sCD163)-within the serum matrix. To determine potential interactions with serum matrix, a spike-and-recovery assay was performed, using 3D Stacks with and without surface modification by an EDC-NHS (N-ethyl-N `-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide) coupling. Without surface modification, a reduced analyte recovery in proportion to serum concentration was observed because of the Vroman effect, which resulted in competitive displacement of coated capture antibodies by serum proteins with stronger binding affinities. However, EDC-NHS coupling prevented antibody desorption and improved the sensitivity. Subsequent comparison of sCD163 detection using a 3D Stack with EDC-NHS coupling and conventional ELISA in dengue patients' sera revealed a high correlation (R = 0.9298, p < 0.0001) between the two detection platforms. Bland-Altman analysis further revealed insignificant systematic error between the mean differences of the two methods. These data suggest the potentials of the 3D Stack for further development as a detection platform.
Keywords
ELISA, microfluidics, EDC-NHS coupling
Divisions
tidrec
Funders
Ministry of Energy, Science, Technology, Environment and Climate Change (MESTECC), Malaysia [FP0514B0025-2],WorkPackage 5C [GA019-2016],JST A-STEP, Japan [JPMJTM20MD]
Publication Title
Micromachines
Volume
12
Issue
12
Publisher
MDPI
Publisher Location
ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND