X-treme loss of sequence diversity linked to neo-X chromosomes in filarial nematodes
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
10-1-2021
Abstract
The sequence diversity of natural and laboratory populations of Brugia pahangi and Brugia malayi was assessed with Illumina resequencing followed by mapping in order to identify single nucleotide variants and insertions/deletions. In natural and laboratory Brugia populations, there is a lack of sequence diversity on chromosome X relative to the autosomes (pi(X)/pi(A) = 0.2), which is lower than the expected (pi(X)/pi(A) = 0.75). A reduction in diversity is also observed in other filarial nematodes with neo-X chromosome fusions in the genera Onchocerca and Wuchereria, but not those without neo-X chromosome fusions in the genera Loa and Dirofilaria. In the species with neo-X chromosome fusions, chromosome X is abnormally large, containing a third of the genetic material such that a sizable portion of the genome is lacking sequence diversity. Such profound differences in genetic diversity can be consequential, having been associated with drug resistance and adaptability, with the potential to affect filarial eradication.
Keywords
Recent population bottleneck, Brugia-pahangi, Draft genome, Evolution, Parasite, Malayi, Alignment, Genetics, Drug
Divisions
fac_med
Funders
United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID)[U19AI110820],Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) - India[SIP0026],Faculty of Medicine[PAR-2563-07268],Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Thailand,Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation
Publication Title
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Volume
15
Issue
10
Publisher
Public Library of Science