Modeling memory function of entangled photon and classical laser photon-count fluctuations using white noise integral analysis
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2025
Abstract
This study investigates photon-count fluctuation dynamics of two light sources, namely a spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) light source and a 780 nm attenuated laser diode (LD). White noise integral with customizable memory function is used to model the mean square displacements (MSDs) and the probability density functions (PDFs) for both light sources. This approach overcomes the limitation of monofractal scaling of fractional Brownian motion (fBm) model characterized by a single Hurst exponent. The memory function used has an exponential-tempered power-law relation, parametrized by mu and beta, where beta modulates the extent of memory parameter mu. Although optical losses and detector inefficiencies degrade photon statistics to Poissonian at post-detection, our findings reveal notable memory effects at higher mean photon counts, especially in the SPDC source with memory parameter mu (sic) 1.00, compared to the classical LD, which remained relatively constant at mu (sic) 1.00. Both light sources shared similar correction parameters beta, which indicates they have identical photon-count fluctuations at short time but diverge significantly at longer time. This work highlights the need for models beyond fBm, capable of capturing complex MSD behaviors of photon-count fluctuations.
Keywords
white noise analysis, memory function, fractional brownian motion, spontaneous parametric down-conversion, photon statistics, fluctuation
Divisions
PHYSICS,photonics
Funders
Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2024/STG07/UM/01/1)
Publication Title
Physica Scripta
Volume
100
Issue
1
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Publisher Location
TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND