Novel enhanced thermal capabilities of Cu-Al 2 O 3 /water hybrid nanofluid in an oblique U-shape cavity: On the molecular behaviour through vorticity analysis
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
4-1-2024
Abstract
This paper presents the numerical investigation of natural convection heat transfer of copper-alumina/pure water hybrid nanofluid in an oblique U-shaped enclosure. The dimensionless governing equation is formed in the stream function-vorticity formulation using dimensionless variables. The Galerkin weighted residual finite element method with the damped Newton-Raphson iteration method is applied to the problem. The heat transfer performance for the system is investigated by varying the Rayleigh numbers, nanoparticle volume fractions and their ratios, and the oblique angles of the enclosure. The fluid flow, heat transfer, and vorticity analysis are conducted extensively for the Rayleigh number up to 10 6 . It was found that the oblique enclosure dwindled the overall heat transfer performance. Correspondingly, the maximum vorticity is at the lowest with zero obliquenesses. The results are used to gain a deeper understanding of the fluid flow and thermal behaviour of the system to achieve more sustainable and greener energy management.
Keywords
Natural convection, Hybrid nanofluid, Vorticity analysis, Oblique U-shape, Finite element
Divisions
MathematicalSciences
Funders
Ministry of Education, Malaysia (FP020-2020 (FRGS/1/2020/STG06/UM/02/6)),Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia through Impact Oriented Interdisciplinary Research Grant (IIRG006C-19IISS)
Publication Title
Journal of Molecular Liquids
Volume
400
Publisher
Elsevier
Publisher Location
RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS