The therapeutic potential of gamma-Al2O3 nanoparticle containing 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of colorectal cancer

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-1-2022

Abstract

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is being used in the treatment of several malignancies, but side effects are often reported and include: diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, poor appetite, watery eyes, and photophobia. We have developed and tested the cytotoxic activity of nanocrystalline powder of gamma-alumina (gamma-Al2O3) containing 5-FU in two-dimensional and three-dimensional (3D) CRC cell culture. gamma-Al2O3 was prepared using a facile sol-gel method. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXA). Moreover, the particle size was monitored by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). We used MTT and a scratch assay to assess the antiproliferative and anti-migratory of this agent. The effect of gamma-Al2O3-5-FU on SOD, MDA, and total-thiols levels were evaluated. We assessed the expression of apoptotic markers in mRNA or proteins by RT-PCR and ELISA respectively. gamma-Al2O3-5-FU inhibited cell growth in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cell culture and increased apoptosis as detected by DAPI stainning via modulation of caspases, BAx, BCl2 and cyclinD1 . gamma-Al2O3-5-FU also reduced the migratory activity of CRC cells relative to untreated controls. gamma-Al2O3-5-FU increased the level of MDA, while reducing the level of SOD and total-thiols as well as inflamatory markers (e.g., TNF-s and IL-6). Our study demonstrated that gamma-Al2O3-5-FU inhibited cell growth and migration, indicating its potential value in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Keywords

Gamma-Al2O3-5-FU, 5-FU, EDXA, FTIR, FESEM, Colon cancer

Publication Title

Tissue & Cell

Divisions

nanotechnology

Funders

National Institute for Medical Research Development [Grant No: 987541]

Volume

76

Publisher

Churchill Livingstone

Publisher Location

JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND

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