Co-occurrence of dual lineages within Simulium (Gomphostilbia) atratum De Meijere in the Indonesian Archipelago along Wallace's Line
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2-1-2024
Abstract
Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences were utilized to infer the population genetic structure of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) atratum De Meijere, an endemic simulid species to Indonesia. Both median joining haplotype network and maximum-likelihood tree revealed two genetic lineages (A and B) within the species, with an overlap distribution in Lombok, which is situated along Wallace's line. Genetic differentiation and gene flow with varying frequencies (FST = 0.02-0.967; Nm = 0.01-10.58) were observed between populations of S. (G.) atratum, of which population pairs of different lineages showed high genetic differentiation. Notably, the high genetic distance of up to 5.92 % observed within S. (G.) atratum in Lombok was attributed to the existence of two genetically distinct lineages. The co-occurrence of distinct lineages in Lombok indicated that Wallace's line did not act as faunistic border for S. (G.) atratum in the present study. Moreover, both lineages also exhibited unimodal distributions and negative values of neutrality tests, suggesting a pattern of population expansion. The expansion and divergence time estimation suggested that the two lineages of S. (G.) atratum diverged and expanded during the Pleistocene era in Indonesia.
Keywords
COI, Indonesia, Population genetics, Black fly, Faunistic border
Divisions
Parasit,InstituteofBiologicalSciences,advanced,tidrec
Funders
TIDREC-2023,Ministry of Environment, Government of Japan under GBIF Biodiversity Information Fund for Asia (BIFA) program [MO002-2021],Program Dana Langganan Sukuk Pakej Rangsangan Ekonomi Prihatin Rakyat,BIFA6_017
Publication Title
Acta Tropica
Volume
250
Publisher
Elsevier
Publisher Location
RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS