PFAS, bisphenol, and paraben in Malaysian food and estimated dietary intake
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
4-1-2023
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), bisphenols, and parabens are used in food packaging or as preservatives and their unintended consumption has been associated with cancer and other diseases. Food EDCs data are scarce in Malaysia. Thus, liquid chromatography mass tandem spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was utilised to analyse 18 EDCs from different food categories. Bisphenol was the most abundant EDC found, followed by PFAS and paraben. Bisphenol levels in canned foods, dairy products, canned drinks, fruits, and vegetables ranged from 1.16 to 183 ng/g. PFAS was found in almost every food category, with canned foods having the highest concentrations (0.18-34.5 ng/g). Only canned foods, fruits, and vegetables contained parabens, with mean concentrations ranging from 0.27 to 26.7 ng/g. PFOS, PFBA, PFHQA and bisphenol A all had hazard quotients (HQ) above 1, indicating that they can pose a risk to human health.
Keywords
PFAS, Bisphenol, Paraben, Food, Hazard quotient
Divisions
fac_med
Funders
RONPAKU,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,Universiti Putra Malaysia,Universiti Sains Malaysia,Kyoto University
Publication Title
Food Additives & Contaminants Part B-Surveillance
Volume
16
Issue
2
Publisher
Taylor and Francis Ltd.
Publisher Location
2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND