Poly-(MMA-IL) filter paper: A new class of paper-based analytical device for thin-film microextraction of multi-class antibiotics in environmental water samples using LC-MS/MS analysis
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-1-2023
Abstract
A paper-based polymeric ionic liquid (p-Poly-(MMA-IL)) was successfully developed by grafting the polymeric ionic liquid on the surface of commercial filter paper (FP) by using the dipping method, presenting a new cost-effective film. The newly developed p-Poly-(MMA-IL) FP was then applied as a paper-based thin-film microextraction (p-TFME) analytical device to extract 14 compounds as representative of five groups of antibiotic drugs, which were sulfonamides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, penicillin and macrolides in environmental water samples. Besides, p-Poly-(MMA-IL) FP, p-Poly-(MMA) FP, and unmodified filter paper were successfully characterised by FTIR, NMR, FESEM, TGA, and XRD techniques. They underwent significant parameters optimisation, which affected the extraction efficiency. Under optimal conditions, the proposed (p-Poly-(MMA-IL) FP-TFME) device method was evaluated and applied to analyse multi-class antibiotic drugs in environmental water samples by using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The validation method showed that a good linearity (0.1 mu g L-1 - 500 mu g L-1) was noted (R-2 > 0.993, n = 3). Detection and quantification limits were within 0.05 mu g L-1 - 4.52 mu g L-1 and 0.15 mu g L-1 - 13.6 mu g L-1, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values ranged at 1.4%-12.2% (intra-day, n = 15) and 4.4%-11.0% (inter-day, n = 10). The extraction recoveries of environmental water samples ranged from 79.1% to 126.8%, with an RSD of less than 15.4% (n = 3). The newly developed paper-based polymeric ionic liquid (p-Poly-(MMA-IL) FP) for analysis of multi-class antibiotic drugs under the p-TFME analytical device procedure was successfully achieved with limited sample volume and organic solvent, fast extraction, and feasible in daily analysis. The detection concentration and relative RSD of multi-class antibiotics determined in various environmental water samples by the proposed method (n = 5) were within 0.44 mu g L-1 - 54.41 mu g L 1 and 0.69%-15.56%, respectively. These results signified the potential of the p-Poly-(MMA-IL) FP-TFME device as an efficient, sensitive and environmentally friendly approach for analysing antibiotics.
Keywords
Paper-based materials, Polymeric ionic liquid, Multi-class antibiotic drugs, Thin-film microextraction, Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, Environmental water samples
Divisions
CHEMISTRY
Funders
Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (Grant no. FRGS/1/2020/STG04/UM/02/9),Universiti Malaya,Universiti Sains Malaysia
Publication Title
Talanta
Volume
254
Publisher
Elsevier B.V.
Publisher Location
RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS