Evaluation of an immunoglobulin E capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the early diagnosis of dengue
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-1-2023
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is the etiological agent of dengue, the most important mosquito-transmitted viral disease of humans worldwide. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) designed to detect DENV IgM are commonly used for dengue diagnosis. However, DENV IgM is not reliably detected until >= 4 days after illness onset. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) can diagnose early dengue but requires specialized equipment, reagents, and trained personnel. Additional diagnostic tools are needed. Limited work has been performed to determine whether IgE-based assays can be used for the early detection of vector-borne viral diseases, including dengue. In this study, we determined the efficacy of a DENV IgE capture ELISA for the detection of early dengue. Sera were collected within the first 4 days of illness onset from 117 patients with laboratory-confirmed dengue, as determined by DENV-specific RT-PCR. The serotypes responsible for the infections were DENV-1 and DENV-2 (57 and 60 patients, respectively). Sera were also collected from 113 dengue-negative individuals with febrile illness of undetermined etiology and 30 healthy controls. The capture ELISA detected DENV IgE in 97 (82.9%) confirmed dengue patients and none of the healthy controls. There was a high false positivity rate (22.1%) among the febrile non-dengue patients. In conclusion, we provide evidence that IgE capture assays have the potential to be explored for early diagnosis of dengue, but further research is necessary to address the possible false positivity rate among patients with other febrile illnesses.
Keywords
Infectious disease, Flavivirus, Dengue, IgE, ELISA, Diagnosis
Divisions
tidrec
Funders
Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Korean government (MSIT) [Grant No: 2016M3A9B8942289 and C.M.-W. and S.K.],Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia, HICOE Program [Grant No: M0002-2019 (S.A.)]
Publication Title
Viral Immunology
Volume
36
Issue
2
Publisher
Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
Publisher Location
140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA