The extremophilic actinobacteria: From microbes to medicine
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
6-1-2021
Abstract
Actinobacteria constitute prolific sources of novel and vital bioactive metabolites for pharmaceutical utilization. In recent years, research has focused on exploring actinobacteria that thrive in extreme conditions to unearth their beneficial bioactive compounds for natural product drug discovery. Natural products have a significant role in resolving public health issues such as antibiotic resistance and cancer. The breakthrough of new technologies has overcome the difficulties in sampling and culturing extremophiles, leading to the outpouring of more studies on actinobacteria from extreme environments. This review focuses on the diversity and bioactive potentials/medically relevant biomolecules of extremophilic actinobacteria found from various unique and extreme niches. Actinobacteria possess an excellent capability to produce various enzymes and secondary metabolites to combat harsh conditions. In particular, a few strains have displayed substantial antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), shedding light on the development of MRSA-sensitive antibiotics. Several strains exhibited other prominent bioactivities such as antifungal, anti-HIV, anticancer, and anti-inflammation. By providing an overview of the recently found extremophilic actinobacteria and their important metabolites, we hope to enhance the understanding of their potential for the medical world.
Keywords
Extremophile, Actinobacteria, Environment, Bioactivity, Metabolites
Divisions
InstituteofBiologicalSciences
Funders
SEED Funding from Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences [Grant No: MBRS/JCSMHS/02/2020],JCSMHS [Grant No: STG-000051],University of Malaya Research Grant (FRGS grant) [Grant No: FP022-2018A],Fundamental Research Grant Scheme [Grant No: FRGS/1/2019/SKK08/MUSM/02/7]
Publication Title
Antibiotics-Basel
Volume
10
Issue
6
Publisher
MDPI
Publisher Location
ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND