Fluid-structure interaction computational analysis and experiments of tsunami bore forces on coastal bridges
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
5-1-2021
Abstract
Purpose Two disastrous Tsunamis, one on the west coast of Sumatra Island, Indonesia, in 2004 and another in North East Japan in 2011, had seriously destroyed a large number of bridges. Thus, experimental tests in a wave flume and a fluid structure interaction (FSI) analysis were constructed to gain insight into tsunami bore force on coastal bridges. Design/methodology/approach Various wave heights and shallow water were used in the experiments and computational process. A 1:40 scaled concrete bridge model was placed in mild beach profile similar to a 24 x 1.5 x 2 m wave flume for the experimental investigation. An Arbitrary Lagrange Euler formulation for the propagation of tsunami solitary and bore waves by an FSI package of LS-DYNA on high-performance computing system was used to evaluate the experimental results. Findings The excellent agreement between experiments and computational simulation is shown in results. The results showed that the fully coupled FSI models could capture the tsunami wave force accurately for all ranges of wave heights and shallow depths. The effects of the overturning moment, horizontal, uplift and impact forces on a pier and deck of the bridge were evaluated in this research. Originality/value Photos and videos captured during the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 and the 2011 Japan tsunami showed solitary tsunami waves breaking offshore, along with an extremely turbulent tsunami-induced bore propagating toward shore with significantly higher velocity. Consequently, the outcomes of this current experimental and numerical study are highly relevant to the evaluation of tsunami bore forces on the coastal, over sea or river bridges. These experiments assessed tsunami wave forces on deck pier showing the complete response of the coastal bridge over water.
Keywords
Fluid-structure interaction, Tsunami, Arbitrary Lagrange Euler, Coastal bridge, Bore forces
Divisions
rms
Funders
High Impact Research (HIR) Grant (UM.C/625/1/HIR/141),IPPP Grant (PG017_2013B),"Research Chair Grant" National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA),Thailand Research Fund (TRF),National Research University Project (NRU),King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi through the "KMUTT 55th Anniversary Commemorative Fund"
Publication Title
International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow
Volume
31
Issue
5
Publisher
Emerald
Publisher Location
HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND