Extraction and application of keratin from natural resources: a review
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
5-1-2021
Abstract
Over recent years, keratin has gained great popularity due to its exceptional biocompatible and biodegradable nature. It has shown promising results in various industries like poultry, textile, agriculture, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical. Keratin is a multipurpose biopolymer that has been used in the production of fibrous composites, and with necessary modifications, it can be developed into gels, films, nanoparticles, and microparticles. Its stability against enzymatic degradation and unique biocompatibility has found their way into biomedical applications and regenerative medicine. This review discusses the structure of keratin, its classification and its properties. It also covers various methods by which keratin is extracted like chemical hydrolysis, enzymatic and microbial treatment, dissolution in ionic liquids, microwave irradiation, steam explosion technique, and thermal hydrolysis or superheated process. Special emphasis is placed on its utilisation in the form of hydrogels, films, fibres, sponges, and scaffolds in various biotechnological and industrial sectors. The present review can be noteworthy for the researchers working on natural protein and related usage.
Keywords
Keratin, Sheep wool, Feathers, Proteins, Amino acids
Divisions
phartech
Funders
Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) [RDU1903137],Ministry of Education Malaysia (MOE) under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme [FRGS/1/2019/STG05/UMP/02/9],IPS
Publication Title
3 Biotech
Volume
11
Issue
5
Publisher
Springer Verlag (Germany)
Publisher Location
TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY