Degradation of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing composites by dietary solvents: An optical three-dimensional surface analysis
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
7-1-2020
Abstract
This study determined the effect of dietary solvents on the surface roughness (Ra) of direct, indirect, and computer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) dental composites. The materials evaluated were a direct composite (Filtek Z350 XT FZ]), an indirect composite (Shofu Ceramage CM]), and four CAD/CAM composites (Lava Ultimate LU], Shofu Block HC HC], Cerasmart CS], and Vita Enamic VE]). Specimens (12x14x1.5 mm) of each material were prepared, measured for baseline Ra, ranked, divided into six groups (n=12), and conditioned in the following media for 1 week at 37 degrees C: air (control), distilled water, 0.02 N citric acid, 0.02 N lactic acid, heptane, and 50% ethanol-water solution. The composite specimens were then subjected to postconditioning Ra testing using an optical three-dimensional surface analyzer (G4e, Alicona Imaging GmbH, Raaba, Austria). Inter-medium and inter-material comparisons were performed with one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Bonferroni test at a significance level of alpha=0.05. Mean Ra values ranged from 0.086 +/- 0.004 ium to 0.153 +/- 0.005 mu m for the various material/medium combinations. For all materials, conditioning in air (control) and distilled water generally resulted in significantly lower mean Ra than exposure to other dietary solvents. Conditioning in citric acid presented the roughest surfaces for FZ, CM, and CS. For LU, HC, and VE, exposure to lactic acid, heptane, and ethanol solution resulted in the highest mean Ra. Regardless of conditioning media, FZ had the highest and VE the lowest mean Ra compared with other composites. The CAD/CAM composites remained susceptible to surface degradation by dietary solvents despite their industrial polymerization.
Keywords
Ceramics, Composite resins, Computer-aided design, Materials testing, Solvents, Surface properties
Divisions
Dentistry,ConservativeDentistry
Publication Title
Operative Dentistry
Volume
45
Issue
4
Publisher
Indiana University School of Dentistry
Publisher Location
INDIANA UNIV SCHOOL DENTISTRY, ROOM S411, 1121 WEST MICHIGAN ST, INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46202-5186 USA