Neuronal transcriptomic responses to Japanese encephalitis virus infection with a special focus on chemokine CXCL11 and pattern recognition receptors RIG-1 and MDA5
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2019
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) causes central nervous system neuronal injury and inflammation. A clear understanding of neuronal responses to JEV infection remains elusive. Using the Affymetrix array to investigate the transcriptome of infected SK-N-MC cells, 1316 and 2737 dysregulated genes (≥ 2/−2 fold change, P < 0.05) were found at 48 hours post-infection (hpi) and 60 hpi, respectively. The genes were mainly involved in anti-microbial responses, cell signalling, cellular function and maintenance, and cell death and survival. Among the most highly upregulated genes (≥ 10 folds, P < 0.05) were chemokines CCL5, CXCL11, IL8 and CXCL10. The upregulation and expression of CXCL11 were confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Pathogen recognition receptors retinoic acid-inducible gene-1 (RIG-1) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) were also upregulated. Our results strongly suggest that neuronal cells play a significant role in immunity against JEV. CXCL11, RIG-1 and MDA5 and other cytokines may be important in neuropathogenesis.
Keywords
Japanese encephalitis virus, Transcriptome, RNA microarray, Proinflammatory mediators, Neuronal infection, CXCL11, RIG-1, MDA5
Divisions
fac_med
Funders
HIR grant, University of Malaya, Malaysia [Project number: UM.C/625/1/HIR/MOHE/MED/06],Postgraduate Research Fund, University of Malaya, Malaysia [Project number: PG285–2016A]
Publication Title
Virology
Volume
527
Publisher
Elsevier